Molecular Metabolism Laboratory
Poznan University of Life Sciences
Faculty of Food Sciences
Department of Human Nutrition and DieteticsWojska Polskiego 31, 60-624, Poznań, Poland
Phone +48 61 846 61 79
Fax +48 61 848 73 32
mml@up.poznan.plNewly published
Chmurzynska A, Mlodzik-Czyzewska MA, Radziejewska A, Wiebe DJ.
Hedonic Hunger Is Associated with Intake of Certain High-Fat Food Types and BMI in 20- to 40-Year-Old Adults
Background: Hedonic hunger occurs in response to a desire to consume food for pleasure. The μ-opioid system regulates the hedonic impact of food and the opioid receptor mu 1 gene (OPRM1) polymorphism has been associated with fat intake.
Objectives: The aim of this study was to determine whether the intake of high-fat food is associated with hedonic hunger and the OPRM1 polymorphism and whether these variables are related to BMI.
Methods: Participants were 20- to 40-y-old women and men enrolled in Poznań, Poland in 2016-2018. The frequency of consumption of high-fat food was measured using a validated application for mobile devices. Hedonic hunger was assessed with the use of the Power of Food Scale (PFS). PFS1, PFS2, and PFS3 scores were generated for food available, food present, and food tasted, respectively. Genotyping of rs1799971 in the OPRM1 gene was performed using TaqMan probes. The associations were analyzed using linear regression or logistic regression, as appropriate.
Results: Hedonic hunger scores were not associated with total high-fat food intake. Total PFS was associated with snack intake (β: 0.16, P = 0.0066). PFS1 was positively associated with healthy high-fat food intake (β: 0.27, P = 0.0001) and PFS2 with sweet high-fat food and fast-food intake (β: 0.27, P = 0.0030). OPRM1 genotype and hedonic hunger interacted on fast-food intake (β: -0.17; P < 0.0154). Total PFS and PFS2 increased the chance of having a BMI ≥ 25 kg/m2 (OR: 1.43; 95% CI: 1.03, 2.01; P = 0.0335 and OR: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.37, 2.61; P = 0.0001, respectively), whereas PFS3 decreased it (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.41, 0.87; P = 0.0082).
Conclusions: Hedonic hunger is associated with the intake of selected types of high-fat food, but not with its total intake, in people aged 20-40 y. Associations between hedonic hunger and fast-food intake can be modified by OPRM1 genotype. Hedonic hunger is associated with BMI.
J Nutr. 2021 Apr 8;151(4):820-825.
Chmurzynska A, Mlodzik-Czyzewska MA, Malinowska AM, Radziejewska A, Mikołajczyk-Stecyna J, Bulczak E, Wiebe DJ.
Greater self-reported preference for fat taste and lower fat restraint are associated with more frequent intake of high-fat food
The determinants of the intake of high-fat products are not well recognized, but fat preference may be one of them. The aim of this study was thus to determine whether intake of different types of high-fat food is associated with fat preference in people with normal and increased body weight. Participants aged 20-40 years [n = 421] were enrolled in Poznań, Poland in 2016-2018. Fat preference was measured using the Fat Preference Questionnaire. Self-reported preference for fat taste (TASTE) and fat restraint (DIFF) scores were calculated. The frequency of consuming high-fat food was measured with an application for mobile devices using ecological momentary assessment. TASTE was positively associated with calorie intake and total frequency of eating high-fat food in both the normal weight and the overweight/obese groups. Overweight and obese people had lower DIFF (p < 0.001) than normal weight people. DIFF was negatively associated with total calorie intake and total intake of high-fat food, but only in normal weight people (β = -0.16, p < 0.01 and β = -0.26, p < 0.001, respectively). DIFF was negatively associated with the frequency of eating sweet (β = -0.33, p < 0.000) and meat high-fat food (β = -0.25, p < 0.001) in the normal weight group. The frequency of consumption of high-fat food and calorie intake are positively associated with self-reported preference for fat taste. In normal weight subjects fat restraint is negatively associated with calorie intake and total frequency of high-fat food intake, as well as with intake of different types of fatty food. Fat preference measures are thus associated with high-fat food intake, but these associations differ by body weight status.
Appetite. 2020 Nov 25;159:105053.