Determinants of food security among rural households in Nigeria: USDA food insecurity experience based measurement (forms) approach
Abstract
This study was carried out to estimate the extent of food security and its determinants among rural households in Nigeria. Data for this study was obtained from 180 rural households consisting of 1260 members through the use of a structured questionnaire. Data was analyzed with a descriptive technique and a less restrictive multinomial logistic regression model. The result found most rural households to be food insecure as they measure high on the food insecurity scale. Age, gender, marital status, access to credit, dependency ratio, household size, ownership of farmland and farming experience significantly influence food security categories. The study concluded that: female-headed married households were more food secure than male-headed households; an increase in age of household heads makes it more likely to be food secure, and so does access to credit facilities; conversely, an increase in family size and in the dependency ratio makes it less likely to be food secure. The study recommends that there should be provision and proper monitoring of credit facilities to small farmers in other to increase their scale of operation and improve their food security status. Also, adequate attention should be given to policy measures that address family planning in order to reduce the household size to a level the household heads can adequately cater for.
Keywords
Food, food security, food insecurity, USDA, multinomial logit
References
Adebayo, O.O. (2012). Effects of family size on household food security in Osun State, Nigeria. Asian J. Agric. Rural Dev., 2(2), 136–141. AFSB (2011). Africa Food Security Brief Quarterly Bulletin, 1. Retrieved Dec 30th 2011 from: www.afdb.org/fileadmin/uploads/afdb/Documents/Publications/Africa%20 Food%20Security%20Brief%20,%20Issue%201.pdf
Agidew, A.A., Singh, K.N. (2018). Determinants of food insecurity in the rural farm households in South Wollo Zone of Ethiopia: the case of the Teleyayen subwatershed. Agric. Food Econ., 6, 10. Retrieved from: https://doi. org/10.1186/s40100-018-0106-4.
Ahmed, F.F., Eugene, C.E., Abah, P.O. (2015). Analysis of Food Security farmers among Farming Households in Borno State, Nigeria. J. Agric. Econ. Env. Soc. Sci., 1(1), 130–141.
Akerele, D., Momoh, S., Aromolaran, A.B., Oguntona, C.R.B., Shittu, A.M. (2013). Food Insecurity and Coping Strategies in South-West Nigeria. Food Sec., 5, 407–414.
Akinyele, I.O. (2009). Ensuring Food and Nutrition Security in Rural Nigeria: An Assessment of the Challenges, Information Needs, and Analytical Capacity. Nigeria Strategy Support Program Background Paper No. NSSP 007, International Food Policy and Research Institute (IFPRI).
Ambali, O.I., Adegbite, D.A., Ayinde, I.A., Awotide, D.O. (2012). Analysis of Production Efficiency of Food Crop Farmers in Ogun State, Nigeria. ARPN J. Agric. Biol. Sci., 7(9), 680–688.
Arene, C., Anyaeji, C. (2010). Determinants of food security among households in Nsukka metropolis of Enugu State, Nigeria. Pak. J. Soc. Sci., 30(1), 9–16.
Arene, C.J. (2008), Agricultural Economics: A Functional Approach, Nsukka. Prize Publishers.
Ayoade, A.R., Adeola, R.G. (2012). Effects of poverty on rural household welfare in Oyo State, Nigeria. Glob. J. Sci. Front. Res. Agric. Biol., 12(4), 24–32.
Ayoade, A.R., Adetunbi, S.I. (2013). Determination of farmers’ coping strategies to household food insecurity in Oyo State, Nigeria. Am. J. Soc. Manag. Sci., 4(1), 1–7.
Bigsten, A., Kebede, B., Shimelis, A., Taddesse, M. (2002). Growth and Poverty Reduction in Ethiopia: Evidence from Household Panel Surveys. World Dev., 31(1), 87–106.
Ezeibe, A.B., Edafiogho, D.O., Okonkwo, N.A., Okide, C.C. (2015). Gender differences and challenges in cassava production and processing in Abia State, Nigeria. Afr. J. Agric. Res., 10(22), 2259–2266.
Fakayode, S.B., Rahji, M.A.Y., Oni, O.A., Adeyemi, M.O. (2009). An Assessment of Food Security Situations of Farm Households in Nigeria: A USDA Approach. Medw. J. Soc. Sci., 4(1), 24–29.
FAO, IFAD, WFP (2015). The state of food insecurity in the world: Meeting the 2015 international hunger targets: Taking stock of uneven progress. Retrieved 25th April 2019 from: www.fao.org/3/a-i4646.pdf
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization). (2002). The State of food insecurity in the world. Rome: FAO Report.
FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations). (2017). The future of food and agriculture: Trends and challenges. Retrieved May 2018 from: http://www. fao.org/3/a-i6583e.pdf. Accessed May 2018.
Greene, W.H. (2005). Econometric Analysis. New York: Pearson Education.
Gujarati, D.N. (2004). Basic Econometric. New Delhi: Tata McGraw Hill. Matemilola, S., Elegbede, I. (2017). The Challenges of Food Security in Nigeria. Open Access Library Journal, 4: e4185. https://doi.org/10.4236/oalib.1104185.
Muhammad-Lawal, A., Salau, S.A., Olawusi, C.O. (2015). Sorghum Storage and Pest Control among Farming Households in Kwara State, Nigeria. Trop. Agric. Res. Ext., 18, 68–75. https://doi.org/10.4038/tare.v18i2.5326.
Obayelu, A.E. (2012). Households’ food security status and its determinants in the North-Central Nigeria. Food Econ., 9(4), 241–256.
Ojo, E.O., Adebayo, P.F. (2012). Food Security in Nigeria: An Overview. Eur. J. Sust. Dev., 1, 199–222.
Olagunju, F.I, Akintola, L.T., Ogunniyi, L.T., Fakayode, S.B., Babatunde, R.O. (2016). A review on the food security status in Nigeria. Int. J. Account. Fin. Manag. Res., 6(1), 7–16.
Olawale, S. (2018). Nigeria poverty statistics and poverty rate in Nigeria. Retrieved Aug 2018 from: http://www.naijaquest.com/Nigeria-poverty-statistics/
Olayiwola, S.A., Tashikalma, A.K., Giroh, D.Y. (2017). Analysis of Food Security Status and Coping Strategies among Rural Households in Oluyole Local Government Area Of Oyo State, Nigeria. FUW Trends Sci. Techn. J., 2(1), 28–32.
Oluyole, K.A., Oni, O.A., Omonona, B.T., Adenegan, K.Q. (2009). Food Security among Cocoa Farming Households of Ondo State, Nigeria. ARPN J. Agric. Biol. Sci., 4(5), 7–14.
Orewa, S.I., Iyangbe, C.O. (2009). The food insecurity profile among the rural and low-income urban dwellers in Nigeria. Am.-Eurasia. J. Scien. Res., 4(4), 302–307.
Orewa, S.I., Iyangbe, C. (2010). The struggle against hunger: The victims and the food and the food security strategies adopted in adverse conditions. World J. Agric. Sci., 6(6), 740–745.
Shala and Stacey (2012). United States Department of Agriculture: Economic Research Service. Food Security Assessment, Regional Overview Information Bulletin.
Tarraf, D., Blanchet, D.S.R., Nana, C.P., Batal, M., Giroux, M. (2018). Prevalence and determinants of food insecurity in migrant Sub-Saharan African and Caribbean households in Ottawa, Canada. Int. J. Migr., Health Soc. Care, 14(2), 160–173. https://doi.org/10.1108/IJMHSC-07-2016-0027
Ubokudom, E.O., Namso, N.F., Egbe, B.E., Kesit, K.N. (2017). Household level food security status and its determinants among rural farmers in Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria. Agric. Sci. Res. J., 7(10), 297–303.
USDA (United State Department of Agriculture). (2000). Guide to Measuring Food Security. Retrieved Aug 22nd 2006 http://www.econ.org/briefing/foodsecurity
Federal university of Agriculture, Abeokuta Nigeria
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
This journal permits and encourages authors to post items submitted to the journal on personal websites or institutional repositories both prior to and after publication, while providing bibliographic details that credit, if applicable, its publication in this journal.
Most read articles by the same author(s)
- Kazeem Aboaba, Tolulope Oyekale, Samuel Adewuyi, T. Oshati, MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY AMONG RURAL HOUSEHOLDS IN OGUN STATE, NIGERIA , Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development: Vol 54 No 4 (2019)
- Kazeem Aboaba, Economic Efficiency of Rice Farming: A Stochastic Frontier Analysis Approach , Journal of Agribusiness and Rural Development: Vol 58 No 4 (2020)
